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Friess, L.

Publications and source records attributed to Friess, L..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

Glioma-induced DNMT3A-dependent reduction of DNA methylation in microglia promotes a transient anti-tumoral phenotype.

Glioblastoma, aggressive primary brain tumors with a dismal prognosis, promote the recruitment of microglia, brain resident innate immune cells, and ultimately their activation toward a tumor-supportive phenotype that increases gliomal proliferation and invasion capability. Here, we report that upon stimulation by glioma cells, microglia transit via a reactive state holding anti-tumoral properties coupled to reduced DNMT3A chromatin occupancy and DNA demethylation that promote microglial pro-inflammatory gene expressions. We find that upon repression of Dnmt3a expression in microglia, those cells maintain anti-tumoral attributes in vitro and in vivo. In a syngeneic immunocompetent glioblastoma mouse model, brain delivery of antisense oligonucleotide targeting Dnmt3a expression led to reduced tumor growth. Taken together, our results reveal the involvement of DNA demethylation in the control of glioma cells-induced microglia activation and indicate that microglial DNMT3A is a potentially therapeutic target to treat brain neoplasms such as glioblastoma that include a microglial component.

immunology↗

Microglia Adopt Temporally Specific Subtypes after Irradiation, Correlating with Neuronal Asynchrony

Cranial radiotherapy causes progressive neurocognitive impairments in cancer survivors. Neuroinflammation is a key contributor, but its dynamics and consequences for brain function remain poorly understood. Here, we performed comprehensive longitudinal profiling from 6 hours to 1 year after irradiation (IR) of the mouse hippocampus, using transcriptomic, protein, and histological analyses. We identified delayed microglial responses initiated by mitotic progression coupled interferon signaling. IR rewired the parenchymal phagocyte profiles, triggered by progressive microglial loss, failure of repopulation through self-renewal, and compensatory generation of microglia-like cells derived from peripheral monocytes. These findings were also observed in autopsied human brain. Finally, we demonstrate two phases of neuronal asynchrony, an early one associated with inflammation and a late one associated with aberrant synaptic regulation. These results provide comprehensive, longitudinal insights into microglia responses that can aid in tailoring therapies to preserve cognition in cancer survivors.

neuroscience↗

A mutant fitness compendium in Bifidobacteria reveals molecular determinants of colonization and host-microbe interactions

Bifidobacteria commonly represent a dominant constituent of human gut microbiomes during infancy, influencing nutrition, immune development, and resistance to infection. Despite interest as a probiotic therapy, predicting the nutritional requirements and health-promoting effects of Bifidobacteria is challenging due to major knowledge gaps. To overcome these deficiencies, we used large-scale genetics to create a compendium of mutant fitness in Bifidobacterium breve (Bb). We generated a high density, randomly barcoded transposon insertion pool in Bb, and used this pool to determine Bb fitness requirements during colonization of germ-free mice and chickens with multiple diets and in response to hundreds of in vitro perturbations. To enable mechanistic investigation, we constructed an ordered collection of insertion strains covering 1462 genes. We leveraged these tools to improve models of metabolic pathways, reveal unexpected host- and diet-specific requirements for colonization, and connect the production of immunomodulatory molecules to growth benefits. These resources will greatly reduce the barrier to future investigations of this important beneficial microbe.

microbiology↗