Biology subjects

EDELINE, J.-M.

Publications and source records attributed to EDELINE, J.-M..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2024

Effects of head-only exposure to 900 MHz GSM electromagnetic fields in rats : changes in neuronal activity as revealed by c-Fos imaging without concomitant cognitive impairments

Over the last decade, animal models have been used to evaluate the physiological and cognitive effects of mobile phone exposures. Here, we used a head-only exposure system in rats to determine whether exposure to 900MHz GSM electromagnetic fields (EMF) induces regional changes in neuronal activation as revealed by c-Fos imaging. In a first study, rats were exposed for 2h to brain average specific absorption rates (BASARs) ranging from 0.5 to 6W/kg. Changes in neuronal activation were found to be dose-dependent with significant increases in c-Fos expression occurring at BASAR of 1W/kg in prelimbic, infralimbic, frontal and cingulate cortices. In a second study, animals were submitted to either a spatial working memory (WM) task in a radial maze or a spatial reference memory (RM) task in an open field arena. Exposures (45min) were conducted before each training session (BASARs of 1 and 3.5W/kg). Control groups included sham-exposed and control cage animals. In both tasks, behavioral performance evolved similarly in the four groups over testing days. However, c-Fos staining was significantly reduced in cortical areas (prelimbic, infralimbic, frontal, cingulate and visual cortices) and in hippocampus of animals engaged in the WM task (BASARs of 1 and 3.5W/kg). In the RM task, EMF exposure-induced decreases were limited to temporal and visual cortices (BASAR of 1W/kg). These results demonstrate that both acute and subchronic exposures to 900MHz EMFs can produce biological effects, but these effects were not sufficient to induce detectable cognitive deficits in the tasks used here.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2022

Exposure to 1800 MHz LTE electromagnetic fields under proinflammatory conditions decreases the response strength and increases the acoustic threshold of auditory cortical neurons.

Increased needs in mobile phone communications have raised successive generations (G) of wireless technologies, which could differentially affect biological systems. We have assessed how a single 2h head-only exposure to a 4G long term evolution (LTE)-1800 MHz electromagnetic field (EMF) impacts on the microglial space coverage and the electrophysiological neuronal activity in the primary auditory cortex (ACx) in rats submitted to an acute neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide. The mean specific absorption rate in the ACx was 0.5 W/kg. Multiunit recording revealed that LTE-EMF triggered reduction in the response strength to pure tones and to natural vocalizations, together with an increase in acoustic threshold in the low and medium frequencies. Iba1 immunohistochemistry showed no change in the area covered by microglia cell bodies and processes. In healthy rats, the same LTE-exposure induced no change in response strength and acoustic threshold. Our data indicate that an acute neuroinflammation sensitize neuronal responses to LTE-EMF, which leads to an altered processing of acoustic stimuli in the ACx.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2020

A distributed network of noise-resistant neuronsin the central auditory system

Background noise strongly penalizes auditory perception of speech in humans or vocalizations in animals. Despite this, auditory neurons successfully detect and discriminate behaviorally salient sounds even when the signal-to-noise ratio is quite poor. Here, we collected neuronal recordings in cochlear nucleus, inferior colliculus, auditory thalamus, primary and secondary auditory cortex in response to vocalizations presented either against a stationary or a chorus noise. Using a clustering approach, we provide evidence that five behaviors exist at each level of the auditory system from neurons with high fidelity representations of the target, named target-specific neurons, mostly found in inferior colliculus and thalamus, to neurons with high fidelity representations of the noise, named masker-specific neurons mostly found in cochlear nucleus in stationary noise but in similar proportions in each structure in chorus noise. This indicates that the neural bases of auditory perception in noise rely on a distributed network along the auditory system.

neuroscience↗