bioRxiv Science⌕ Search

Biology subjects

Cely, I.

Publications and source records attributed to Cely, I..

3 recordsLinked to original sources
bioRxiv2022

Thyroid Hormone T4 Mitigates Traumatic Brain Injury via Dynamically Remodeling Cell Type Specific Genes and Pathways

BackgroundThe complex pathology of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a main contributor to the difficulties in achieving a successful therapeutic regimen. Thyroxine (T4) administration has been shown to prevent the cognitive impairments induced by mTBI in mice. MethodTo understand the underlying mechanism, we carried out a single cell transcriptomic study to investigate the spatiotemporal effects of T4 on individual cell types in the hippocampus and frontal cortex at three post-injury stages. FindingsOur multi-tissue multi-stage results showed that T4 treatment altered the proportions and transcriptomes of numerous cell types across tissues and timepoints, particularly oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia, which are crucial for injury repair. T4 also reversed the expression mTBI-affected genes such as Ttr, mt-Rnr2, Ggn12, Malat1, Gnaq, and Myo3a, as well as numerous pathways such as cell/energy/iron metabolism, immune response, nervous system, and cytoskeleton-related pathways. Cell-type specific network modeling revealed that T4 mitigated select mTBI-perturbed dynamic shifts in subnetworks related to cell cycle, stress response, and RNA processing in oligodendrocytes. Cross cell-type ligand-receptor networks recapitulated the roles of App, Hmgb1, Fn1, and Tnf in mTBI, the latter two ligands having been previously identified as TBI network hubs. mTBI and/or T4 signature genes were enriched for human genome-wide association study (GWAS) candidate genes for cognitive, psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders related to mTBI, supporting T4 as a potential mTBI treatment. InterpretationOur systems-level approach elucidated the temporal and spatial dynamic reprogramming of cell-type specific genes, pathways, and networks, as well as cell-cell communications through which T4 mitigates cognitive dysfunction induced by mTBI. FundingThis work was funded by NIHR01NS117148 to X.Y. and F.G.P. Research in ContextO_ST_ABSEvidence before this studyC_ST_ABSDysfunction in the brain resulting from traumatic brain injury can display immediately as well as several years post-injury. It also impacts various brain regions, including the hippocampus and frontal cortex, which are linked to distinct disease pathologies. The complexity of spatiotemporal and molecular dynamics of perturbation caused by TBI hinder our ability to establish an effective therapeutic approach. Recently, thyroid hormone poses promise as a potential therapeutic target based on our previous scRNA-seq studies. Yet, the mechanisms by which T4 alleviates mTBI, specifically those related to spatial, temporal, and cell-type specificity, remain unexplored. Added value of this studyWe examined the impact of T4 intervention in mitigating mTBI by investigating the transcriptome and functional pathways across two affected brain regions, the frontal cortex and hippocampus, in different stages of injury. Utilizing a systems biology approach, we conducted within- and between-cell-type network modeling, cell-cell communication and integrating human genome-wide association studies (GWAS) analysis. This comprehensive strategy aimed to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms through which T4 averts cognitive impairments induced by mTBI. Implications of all the available evidenceOur findings offer molecular evidence that the administration of T4 impacts a wide range of genes, biological processes, and networks, thereby preventing the advancement of mTBI-induced brain dysfunction and associated diseases. This comprehensive impact of T4 suggests potential advantages in efficacy compared to other therapeutic options that concentrate on specific pathways and targets.

neuroscience↗
bioRxiv2022

Cross-tissue multiomics studies reveal gut-brain interactions mediating the effect of Akkermansia muciniphila in counteracting fructose-induced obesity

High fructose diet is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). The gut bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) has been shown to improve fructose-induced MetS, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we investigated how A. muciniphila modulates fructose-induced MetS using multitissue, multiomics studies encompassing gut microbiota, plasma and gut metabolome, and hypothalamus single cell RNA-sequencing. A. muciniphila colonization enriched beneficial gut bacteria, increased metabolites including bile acids, endocannabinoids, and vitamins, and activated genes related to oxytocin and vasopressin signaling in hypothalamic neurons. Multiomics network analysis prioritized the metabolite oleoylethanolamide (OEA), an endocannabinoid analogue, as a potential regulator of gut-hypothalamic interaction conferred by A. muciniphila, its associated beneficial bacteria, and bile acid remodeling. Oral administration of OEA to fructose-fed mice recapitulated A. muciniphila effects, including counteracting body weight gain, enhancing thermogenesis, and ameliorating glucose intolerance. Concomitantly, OEA supplementation stimulated expression of its receptors and tight junction genes in the intestine, as well as neuronal activation marker c-Fos and oxytocin and vasopressin signaling genes in the hypothalamus. These findings underscore the regulatory role of A. muciniphila in gut microbiota homeostasis and metabolomic reprogramming, and pinpoint OEA as a key mediator of its action on the gut-hypothalamus axis in alleviating fructose-induced MetS.

systems biology↗
bioRxiv2020

Cold-associated mammokines preserve adipocyte identity

Sympathetic activation during cold exposure increases adipocyte thermogenesis via expression of mitochondrial protein uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)1. The propensity of adipocytes to express UCP1 is under a critical influence of the adipose microenvironment and varies among various fat depots2-7. Here we report that cold-induced adipocyte UCP1 expression in female mouse subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) is regulated by mammary gland ductal epithelial cells in the adipose niche. Single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) show that under cold condition glandular alveolar and hormone-sensing luminal epithelium subtypes express transcripts that encode secretory factors involved in regulating adipocyte UCP1 expression. We term mammary duct secretory factors as "mammokines". Using whole-tissue immunofluorescence 3D visualization, we reveal previously undescribed sympathetic nerve-ductal points of contact and show that sympathetic nerve-activated mammary ducts limit adipocyte UCP1 expression via cold-induced mammokine production. Both in vivo and ex vivo ablation of mammary ductal epithelium enhances cold-induced scWAT adipocyte thermogenic gene program. The mammary duct network extends throughout most scWATs in female mice, which under cold exposure show markedly less UCP1 expression, fat oxidation, energy expenditure, and subcutaneous fat mass loss compared to male mice. These results show a previously uncharacterized role of sympathetic nerve-activated glandular epithelium in adipocyte thermogenesis. Overall, our findings suggest an evolutionary role of mammary duct luminal cells in defending glandular adiposity during cold exposure, highlight mammary gland epithelium as a highly active metabolic cell type, and implicate a broader role of mammokines in mammary gland physiology and systemic metabolism.

cell biology↗