Biology subjects

Bogs, J.

Publications and source records attributed to Bogs, J..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2025

Metabolic biomarker-based phenotyping unveils quantitative effects of plant resistance and pathogen aggressiveness in the grapevine (Vitis spp.) - downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) pathosystem.

Grapevine resistance to downy mildew has been primarily associated with major "Resistance to Plasmopara viticola" (Rpv) loci, which are extensively used in breeding programs. Resistant varieties represent an effective solution to mitigate the environmental impact of fungicide application in viticulture, but P. viticola strains able to overcome major Rpv have become a main threat to their cultivation. Pyramiding resistance loci in the same variety enhances plant resistance, but interactions involving stacked and defeated Rpv and different P. viticola strains are poorly documented. Investigation of these interactions may uncover new information for the development of efficient breeding strategies, the optimal exploitation of Rpv, and the building of durable resistance. In the present study, a grapevine offspring carrying single and pyramided Rpv1, Rpv3.1 and Rpv10 was phenotyped in laboratory conditions for the resistance to P. viticola using a naive strain and a strain virulent towards Rpv10. By using a high-resolution phenotyping strategy based on P. viticola metabolic biomarkers, we demonstrated that the efficacy of Rpv combinations and aggressiveness of P. viticola strains can be quantified in the early phase of infection and were often related to sporulation outcome. Furthermore, we described how a limited residual effect of a defeated Rpv may become significant in pyramiding. In conclusion, in addition to providing the keys to streamlining resistance utilization in grapevine, our research presents a distinctive case study that provides valuables information for breeding new resistant varieties, thanks to an innovative "omic"-based phenotyping approach, which may be adapted to other plant pathosystems.

plant biology↗

bioRxiv2025

Breeding for durable resistance in crops: defeated loci may act as Trojan horses compromising the effectiveness of major resistance genes.

Resistance breeding offers invaluable perspectives for environment-friendly crop protection, but its success may be limited by the breakdown of plant resistance by pathogen strains. This threat is particularly acute for perennial crops, which may be cultivated for several decades. With the increasing use of new varieties carrying multiple major resistance loci, grapevine (Vitis spp.) represents a distinctive model to investigate the broad agreement that combining several resistance genes (pyramiding) enhances both resistance efficacy and durability. To this end, grapevine progenies segregating for four resistance loci against Plasmopara viticola (Rpvs) were used to evaluate the efficiency of single and pyramided major loci when confronted to naive and Rpv-breaking pathogen strains. In the context of polygenic resistance, both undefeated and defeated Rpvs provided significant quantitative effects. However, interactions between pyramided Rpvs were either beneficial, neutral or detrimental to the level of resistance, depending on the loci combination and pathogen strain. In particular, the fact that the presence of defeated resistance loci may compromise the resistance provided by functional major loci has important implications for crops resistance breeding. Thorough phenotypic investigations of pyramiding breeding schemes emerge as a critical step for the effective and durable management of genetic resistances and plant diseases.

plant biology↗

bioRxiv2021

Orchestration of the stilbene synthase gene family and their regulators by subgroup 2 MYB genes

The stilbenoid pathway is responsible for the production of resveratrol and its derivatives in grapevine. A few transcription factors (TFs) have been previously identified as regulators of this pathway but the extent of this control is yet to be fully understood. Here we demonstrate how DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-Seq) allows for genome-wide TF binding site interrogation in a non-model species. We obtained 5,190 and 4,443 binding events assigned to 4,041 and 3,626 genes for MYB14 and MYB15, respectively (around 40% of peaks being located within -10kb of transcription start sites). DAP-Seq of MYB14 and MYB15 was combined with aggregate gene centred co-expression networks built from more than 1,400 transcriptomic datasets from leaves, fruits and flowers to narrow down bound genes to a set of high confidence targets. The analysis of MYB14, MYB15 and MYB13, a third uncharacterised member of Subgroup 2 (S2), showed that in addition to the few previously known stilbene synthase (STS ) targets, these three regulators bind to 30 out of 47 STS family genes. Moreover all three MYBs bind to several PAL, C4H and 4CL genes, in addition to shikimate pathway genes, the WRKY03 stilbenoid co-regulator and novel resveratrol-modifying gene candidates amongst which ROMT2 -3 were validated enzymatically. A high proportion of DAP-Seq bound genes was induced in the activated transcriptomes of transient MYB15 -overexpressing stilbenoid-producing grapevine leaves, validating our methodological approach for identifying gene regulatory networks of specialised metabolism. Overall, MYB genes from Subgroup 2 appear to play a key role in binding and directly regulating several primary and secondary metabolic steps leading to an increased flux towards stilbenoid production.

plant biology↗