Biology subjects

Benard, L.

Publications and source records attributed to Benard, L..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2020

Oxidized RNA Bodies compartmentalize translation quality control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cytoplasmic RNA granules compartmentalize phases of the translation cycle. We previously reported on the localization of oxidized RNA in human cells to cytoplasmic foci called oxidized RNA bodies (ORBs). Oxidized mRNAs are substrates of translation quality control, wherein defective mRNAs and nascent polypeptides are released from stalled ribosomes and targeted for degradation. Therefore, we asked whether ORBs compartmentalize translation quality control. Here, we identify ORBs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and characterize them using fluorescence microscopy and proteomics. ORBs are RNA granules that are distinct from processing bodies and stress granules. Several lines of evidence support a role of ORBs in the compartmentalization of central steps in the translation quality control pathways No-Go mRNA decay and ribosome quality control. Active translation is required by both translation quality control and ORBs. ORBs contain two substrates of translation quality control: oxidized RNA and a stalled mRNA-ribosome-nascent chain complex. Translation quality control factors localize to ORBs. Translation quality control mutants have altered ORB number per cell, size, or both. Therefore, ORBs are an intracellular hub of translational quality control.

cell biology↗

bioRxiv2019

Additional layer of regulation via convergent gene orientation in yeasts

Convergent gene pairs can produce transcripts with complementary sequences. We had shown that mRNA duplexes form in vivo in Saccharomyces cerevisiae via interactions of their 3'-ends and can lead to post-transcriptional regulatory events. Here we show that mRNA duplex formation is restricted to convergent genes separated by short intergenic distance, independently of their 3'-UTR length. We disclose an enrichment in genes involved in biological processes related to stress among these convergent genes. They are markedly conserved in convergent orientation in budding yeasts, meaning that this mode of post-transcriptional regulation could be shared in these organisms, conferring an additional level for modulating stress response. We thus investigated the mechanistic advantages potentially conferred by 3'-UTR mRNA interactions. Analysis of genome-wide transcriptome data revealed that Pat1 and Lsm1 factors, having 3'-UTR binding preference and participating to the remodeling of messenger ribonucleoprotein particles, bind differently these mRNA duplexes in comparison to canonical mRNAs. Functionally, the translational repression upon stress also appears limited on mRNA duplexes. We thus propose that mRNA duplex formation modulates the regulation of mRNA expression by limiting their access to translational repressors. Our results thus show that post-transcriptional regulation is an additional factor that determine the order of coding genes.

evolutionary biology↗

bioRxiv2018

A unique No-Go Decay cleavage in mRNA exit-tunnel of ribosome produces 5’-OH ends phosphorylated by Rlg1

The No-Go Decay (NGD) mRNA surveillance pathway degrades mRNAs containing stacks of stalled ribosomes. Although an endoribonuclease has been proposed to initiate cleavages upstream of the stall sequence, the production of two RNA fragments resulting from a unique cleavage has never been demonstrated. We have used mRNAs expressing a 3-ribozyme to produce truncated transcripts in vivo to mimic naturally occurring truncated mRNAs known to trigger NGD. This technique allows us to analyse endonucleolytic cleavage events at single-nucleotide resolution starting at the third collided ribosome, which we show to be Hel2-dependent. These cleavages map precisely in the mRNA exit tunnel of the ribosome, 8 nucleotides upstream of the first P-site residue and release 5-hydroxylated RNA fragments requiring 5-phosphorylation prior to digestion by the exoribonuclease Xrn1, or alternatively by Dxo1. Finally, we identify the RNA kinase Trl1, alias Rlg1, as an essential player in the degradation of NGD RNAs.

molecular biology↗