Biology subjects

Barman, M.

Publications and source records attributed to Barman, M..

4 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2021

Cytotoxic and micronuclei inducing effects of petroleum ether fraction of leaf aqueous extract of Clerodendrum viscosum Vent. in Allium cepa root tip cells

Clerodendrum viscosum is a traditionally used medicinal plant. The present study aimed to analyze a detailed cytotoxic effect of the nonpolar petroleum ether fraction (AQPEF) of leaf aqueous extract of C. viscosum Vent. (LAECV) in Allium cepa root tip cells. The LAECV was fractionated with petroleum ether and tested for A. cepa toxicity at early hours (2 and 4 h treatment) at concentrations 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 {micro}g mL-1. The highest aberrant cell percentage (10.45{+/-}0.46%) was scored from 150 {micro}g mL-1 followed by100 {micro}g mL-1 (8.75{+/-}0.26%) concentration at 4 h treated samples. The AQPEF treatment induced a significant (p<0.0001) increase in micronuclei frequency; 4.31{+/-}0.33, 5.08{+/-}0.13, 5.05{+/-}0.22 and 3.05{+/-}0.37% respectively at concentrations 50, 100, 150, and 200 {micro}g mL-1. The highest polyploid frequency (20.14{+/-}0.68 %) induced with 100 {micro}g mL-1 of AQPEF at 16 h recovery. 150 {micro}g mL-1 is the most effective concentration of AQPEF to decipher its activity similar to colchicine (150 {micro}g mL-1). In summary, the present study indicates petroleum ether is suitable for extraction of the active phytochemicals of LAECV having cytotoxic effects on A. cepa root tip cells. The AQPEF has colchicine like micronuclei, polyploidy, and mitotic abnormality inducing potentials in A. cepa root apical meristem cells.

pharmacology and toxicology↗

bioRxiv2021

ProLung™-budesonide Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Reduces Lung Inflammation

BackgroundInhaled budesonide benefits patients with COVID-19. ProLung-budesonide enables the sustained, low dose administration of budesonide within a delivery vehicle similar to lung surfactant. ProLung-budesonide may offer anti-inflammatory and protective effects to the lung in COVID-19, yet its effect on SARS-CoV-2 replication is unknown. ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of ProLung-budesonide against SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro, evaluate its ability to decrease inflammation, and airway hyperresponsiveness in an animal model of lung inflammation. MethodsSARS-CoV-2-infected Vero 76 cells were treated with ProLung-budesonide ([0.03- 100 g/ml]) for 3 days, and virus yield in the supernatant was measured. Ovalbumin-sensitized C57BL/6 mice received aerosolized (a) ProLung-budesonide weekly, (b) only budesonide, either daily or weekly, or (c) weekly empty ProLung-carrier (without budesonide). All treatment groups were compared to sensitized untreated, or normal mice using histopathologic examination, electron microscopy (EM), airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to Methacholine (Mch) challenge, and eosinophil peroxidase activity (EPO) measurements in bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL). ResultsProLung-budesonide showed significant inhibition on viral replication of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells with the selectivity index (SI) value > 24. Weekly ProLung-budesonide and daily budesonide therapy significantly decreased lung inflammation and EPO in BAL. ProLung-budesonide localized in type II pneumocytes, and was the only group to significantly decrease AHR, and EPO in BAL with Mch challenge ConclusionsProLung-budesonide significantly inhibited viral replication in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. It localized into type II pneumocytes, decreased lung inflammation, AHR and EPO activity with Mch challenge. This novel drug formulation may offer a potential inhalational treatment for COVID-19.

pharmacology and toxicology↗

bioRxiv2021

Appraisal of Cell Cycle Delay and Cytotoxicity Inducing Potential of 3-epicaryoptin in Allium Cepa L.

Diterpenoid 3-epicaryoptin (C26H36O9) is abundant in the leaves of Clerodendrum inerme, a traditionally used medicinal plant, having insect antifeedant activities. Here, we aim to explore the cytogenotoxic effects of compound 3-epicaryoptin in Allium cepa root apical meristem cells. A. cepa roots were treated with 3-epicaryoptin (100, 150 & 200 g mL-1 concentration) and the standard compound colchicine (200 g mL-1 concentration) for 2, 4, 4+16 h (4 h treatment followed by 16 h recovery). Cytogenotoxicity was analysed by studying the root growth retardation (RGR), mitotic index (MI), and cellular aberrations. The result showed statistically significant (p<0.01), concentration-dependent RGR effects of 3-epicaryoptin treatment compared with the negative control. Study of cell frequency in different phases of cell division observed a significant (p<0.001) increase in the metaphase cell percentage (66.2{+/-}0.58 %, 150 g mL-1) and which subsequently caused an increase in the frequency of MI (12.29{+/-}0.34 %, 150 g mL-1) at 4h of 3-epicaryoptin treatment and that was comparable with the colchicine action. The cytological study revealed that the 3-epicaryoptin treatment could induce different types of chromosomal abnormalities such as colchicine like metaphase, vagrant chromosomes, sticky chromosomes, anaphase-bridge, and an increased frequency of micronuclei and polyploid cells. These findings indicate that 3-epicaryoptin is cytogenotoxic, and thus C. inerme should be used with caution in traditional medicine.

pharmacology and toxicology↗

bioRxiv2020

Pro-metaphase arrest, polyploidy, micronuclei, and mitotic abnormality inducing agents isolation from leaf aqueous extract of Clerodendrum viscosum Vent.

Clerodendrum viscosum is a traditionally used medicinal plant. The present study aimed to analyze cell cycle delay, pro-metaphase arrest, and c-metaphase inducing effects of the petroleum ether fraction (AQPEF) of leaf aqueous extract of C. Viscosum (LAECV). The LAECV was fractionated with petroleum ether and its metaphase arrest, cell cycle delay, and c-metaphase inducing activities were tested on A. cepa root tip cells. The AQPEF induced cell cycle delay, and colchicine like metaphase, c-metaphase, in A. cepa root tip cells. Thus, the present study explores AQPEF as an active fraction of LAECV having metaphase arresting, cell cycle delay, and c-metaphase inducing potentials.

pharmacology and toxicology↗