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Aizarani, N.

Publications and source records attributed to Aizarani, N..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

Slow integrin-dependent migration organizes networks of tissue-resident mast cells

Many leukocytes use fast and flexible amoeboid migration strategies to move autonomously throughout tissues. Here, we show that the movement of mast cells (MCs), leukocytes with important roles during allergies and anaphylaxis, fundamentally differs from this rapid adhesion-free leukocyte migration. We identify a crucial role for integrin-dependent adhesion in controlling slow MC movement, which shapes the positioning and network-like tissue distribution of this long-lived immune cell type. In contrast to other immune and non-immune cells, MCs cannot compensate for the lack of integrin function by switching to another migration mode. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed a special role for integrins in defining a mature MC phenotype in the periarteriolar tissue space where several stromal cell types provide an anatomical niche rich in Kit ligand, the major MC growth and survival factor. Collectively, this study highlights substrate-dependent haptokinesis as an important mechanism for MC network formation and the tissue organization of resident immune cells.

cell biology↗

A Human Liver Cell Atlas: Revealing Cell Type Heterogeneity and Adult Liver Progenitors by Single-Cell RNA-sequencing

The human liver is an essential multifunctional organ, and liver diseases are rising with limited treatment options. However, the cellular complexity and heterogeneity of the liver remain poorly understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing of ~5,000 cells from normal liver tissue of 6 human donors to construct the first human liver cell atlas. Our analysis revealed previously unknown sub-types among endothelial cells, Kupffer cells, and hepatocytes with transcriptome-wide zonation of these populations. We show that the EPCAM+ population is highly heterogeneous and consists of hepatocyte progenitors, cholangiocytes and a MUC6+ stem cell population with a specific potential to form liver organoids. As proof-of-principle, we applied our atlas to unravel phenotypic changes in cells from hepatocellular carcinoma tissue and to investigate cellular phenotypes of human hepatocytes and liver endothelial cells engrafted into a humanized FAH-/- mouse liver. Our human liver cell atlas provides a powerful and innovative resource enabling the discovery of previously unknown cell types in the normal and diseased liver.

genomics↗